Só se ouve malta a reclamar que o tempo anda estranho... Desculpem-me o lugar comum, mas o tempo estranho é só a ponta do iceberg.
Para quem "não tem tempo" para ler o relatório que o Sir Nicholas Stern preparou para o governo britânico (nem o resumo de 27 páginas) aqui vão alguns pontos chave:
Temperature:
- Carbon emissions have already pushed up global temperatures by half a degree Celsius
- If no action is taken on emissions, there is more than a 75% chance of global temperatures rising between two and three degrees Celsius over the next 50 years
- There is a 50% chance that average global temperatures could rise by five degrees Celsius
Environmental Impact:
- Melting glaciers will increase flood risk
- There will be more examples of extreme weather patterns
- Crop yields will decline, particularly in Africa
- Rising sea levels could leave 200 million people permanently displaced
- Up to 40% of species could face extinction
Economic Impact:
- Extreme weather could reduce global gross domestic product (GDP) by up to 1%
- A two to three degrees Celsius rise in temperatures could reduce global economic output by 3%
- If temperatures rise by five degrees Celsius, up to 10% of global output could be lost. The
poorest countries would lose more than 10% of their output
- In the worst case scenario global consumption per head would fall 20%
- To stabilize at manageable levels, emissions would need to stabilize in the next 20 years and fall between 1% and 3% after that. This would cost 1% of GDP
Options for change:
- Reduce consumer demand for heavily polluting goods and services
- Make global energy supply more efficient
- Act on non-energy emissions - preventing further deforestation would go a long way towards alleviating this source of carbon emissions
- Promote cleaner energy and transport technology, with non-fossil fuels accounting for 60% of energy output by 2050
No comments:
Post a Comment